Isolated landscape between Valmont and Orogrande. Photo by Phyllis Eileen Banks

Prior to 1922, if you entered New Mexico via US 54 from El Paso (if that road existed then),  Newman was the first outpost, located on the New Mexico/Texas state line. It was a railroad stop and trading post, named for L. E. Newman. He was a Texas real estate man who sold building sites here. The post office existed from 1906-1922. Originally the settlement was called Longhorn, then Hereford, then Newman. Very little came of the development, and the site was moved to El Paso County, Texas. One source says the post office closed in 1914. One wonders which report is correct. Archeologists believe it was the site of a prehistoric Indian pueblo.

Twenty-nine miles north of the border on US 54 is the second outpost, Orogrande, meaning big gold. When it was known as Jarilla, for the Jarilla Mountains, two thousand people lived there. It is reported that gold, silv

er, copper, and turquoise were mined between the 1880s and the 1920s. It boasted a 32 bed hospital, a 63 room hotel and The Jarilla Enterprise.

Memories of those days are rich. A few efforts to revive mining were made, but were unproductive. Ruins of the smelter are northeast of town. Water was piped down from the Sacramento Mountains for the use of the town and the railroad.

Orogrande is totally surrounded by the Fort Bliss Military Reservation. According to New Mexico, A New Guide to the Colorful State,"when the McGregor Range was extended to over 1,000 square miles in 1954, some two hundred people were displaced, and the highway connecting Orogrande and the south end of the Sacramentos was closed.” The authors report a rancher, John Prather, refused to leave, as he had lived there since 1903. During a July 1956 encounter between the government and him, the government backed down, leaving Prather the 15 acres around his house, and a check for over $200,000 for the rest of his land. He died in 1965, still ranching. Never did he acknowledge the existence of that government check.

Valmont is another outpost, 27 miles northeast, that today is but a locality on the railroad line. There was a post office from 1916-1921. A trading point, it was first called Dog Town, then Camp City and then around 1910, Shamrock. Finally in 1915, it was called Valmont, a combination of valley and mountain for the Tularosa Valley and Sacramento Mountains. At one time there was a population of 40, a school and the post office. Now, it is not even a dot on the map.